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Visual concepts are translated into memorable language.
Understand colour, perspective, materials and the visual ideas that shaped art. Learn each concept in plain language, then reinforce it with active recall.
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Ultramarine pigment was made from lapis lazuli imported from Afghanistan and could cost more than gold.
Linear perspective uses converging parallel lines and vanishing points to create the illusion of depth on a flat surface.
Impressionists used visible brushstrokes and optical color mixing to capture fleeting changes in light and atmosphere.
Negative space—the area around and between subjects—helps define shape, rhythm and visual balance.
Colors opposite each other on a color wheel create strong contrast and can make one another appear more vivid.
Photography freed many painters from purely documentary aims and influenced cropping, composition and the study of movement.
In true fresco, pigment is applied to wet lime plaster. As it dries, the color becomes chemically bound to the wall.
Ukiyo-e prints influenced European artists with flat color, bold outlines and unusual cropping—a movement called Japonisme.
Chiaroscuro uses strong contrasts between light and dark to model volume and heighten drama.
Cubist artists pasted newspaper, wallpaper and other everyday materials into artworks, challenging the boundary between image and object.
Visual concepts are translated into memorable language.
Ten targeted questions turn recognition into recall.
Accuracy and XP make improvement easy to see.